history: Which leader reached the South Pole in 1912 but died on the return journey?

Questions

In 1971 (USA) Rube---------- , inventor and cartoonist, dies. ?

In 1934 Weekly airmail route starts between ---------- and the United Kingdom. ?

In 1941 The Allies, along with Free France declare war on---------- . ?

In 1292 Saidi, great ---------- poet (Orchard, Rose Garden) dies. ?

In 1594 Gustavus II Adolphus, king who made ---------- a major power (1611-32) ?