music: 50's Chart Toppers: Name The Artist: What A Dream?

Questions

- The symbol to determine the relative position of notes on the musical staff, placed normally at the beginning of each line, or whenever a different clef temporarily replaces the starting clef (to make notes fit more easily on the staff). There are many possible clefs (e.g. treble, bass, alto and tenor) chosen to accomodate the range of various instruments or voices. In piano music, the double staff (a staff for each hand) uses treble or bass clefs.?

- Harmony in which notes of chords are written closely together (e.g. in barbershop quartets).?

- A 20th century concept of playing a group of adjacent notes simultaneously on the piano (e.g. with the forearm or a piece of wood. The usual term is tone cluster or note cluster. Pioneered by Cowell in 1912 and used by Ives.?

(It.,'tail') - The concluding section at the end of a movement, not usually of structural necessity. However, Beethoven's codas have great significance in his musical design.?

(It., 'little tail') - Similar to coda but on a smaller scale, eg. rounding off a section of a movement as opposed to a whole movement.?