Misc: What is the name of the whale that swallowed Pinocchio?

Questions

Chemical compounds or mixtures that undergo rapid burning or decomposition with the generation of large amounts of gas & heat & the consequent production of sudden pressure effects?

Chewing gum was patented by who?

Chromosomal disorder occurring in about 1 out of every 800 births?

Chronic condition in which the skin of the scalp flakes off in excessive amounts?

Chronic disease marked by overgrowth of hands, feet, & lower part of the face, resulting from excessive production of somatotropin, the growth-stimulating hormone hormone?