Misc: what pole is considered the father of modern astronomy?

Questions

In 1836---------- , South Australia founded. ?

In 1944 1st ---------- jet fighter used in combat (Gloster Meteor). ?

In 1953 ---------- signed ending Korean War. ?

In 1954 Armistice divides Vietnam into ---------- countries. ?

In 1955 ---------- regains full independence after 4-power occupation. ?