Misc: january is national ---------- month?

Questions

what was the full name of the eminent physicist who dipped a piece of o-ring into a glass of water in a demonstration, and proved that low temperatures at the launhpad were responsible for the challenger disaster?

which famous french prophet and astrologer predicted that the world would end in july 1999?

who killed lee harvey oswald on national television?

which scandivanian prime minister was assassinated in 1986?

what was the name of the sect that invaded the 1972 olympics, killing eleven israeli athletes?