Misc: How many pairs of ribs are there in a male skeleton?

Questions

In 1609 Venetian senate examines ---------- 's telescope. ?

In 1709 First known ascent in a---------- , by Father Bartolomeu de Gusmao of Portugal (indoors!). ?

In 1709 First known ascent in a hot-air balloon, by Father ---------- de Gusmao of Portugal (indoors!). ?

In 1709 First known ascent in a hot-air balloon, by Father Bartolomeu de ---------- of Portugal (indoors!). ?

In 1843 ---------- (in South Africa) is made a British colony. ?