Misc: From which yarn is the best velvet made?

Questions

In 1812 War of 1812 begins as US declares war against---------- .?

In 1815 Battle of ---------- -- British and Prussians defeat Napoleon.?

In 1873 Susan B. ---------- fined $100 for attempting to vote for President.?

In 1877 James Montgomery---------- , illustrator, best known for his "I want you" Uncle Sam recruiting poster?

In 1953 ---------- proclaimed a republic.?